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Urban Sanitation

People-centred solutions for water, sanitation and health

We’re working with communities in poorer countries to make cities cleaner, healthier, and fairer places for people to live and work.

By working with marginalised communities in lower-income and ‘slum’ areas, we aim to ensure that there is clean drinking water, safe toilets and hand washing is available to all people, city-wide.

Working with communities and service providers

Often in poorer neighbourhoods and ‘slum’ areas of developing countries, communities have inadequate provision of urban services. Without connection to a sewer network, toilets are often container-based and must be emptied. Informal pit-emptiers provide an important service for communities in emptying these toilets, but often experience poor working conditions and stigmatisation.

Practical Action works with communities and service providers to develop people-centred solutions for urban sanitation. We begin by working with the existing and thriving network of informal workers to improve conditions and services for all. This enables empowerment of marginalised workers and can develop sustainable solutions. We work with communities to assess needs and prioritise locally-specific solutions. Through behaviour change communication, we challenge worker stigmatisation.

Importantly, Practical Action is skilled in bringing together the bold collaborations that are needed to develop long-lasting solutions. We work across the sanitation value chain to bring together partnerships between local government, socially-minded private service providers, and community representatives.

We continue to develop these collaborations across regions in Bangladesh, India and Kenya – enabling ongoing development throughout the sanitation value chain.

Integrating sanitation management and solid waste management

Practical Action is leading new innovations to integrate sanitation management with solid waste management, unlocking significant and sustainable benefits for people and planet.

This inclusive model works to improve conditions for service users and waste workers, whilst utilising a circular economy approach to produce value in a range of waste products.

We are sharing our experiences and the exciting potential of people-centred and integrated waste management around the globe, for example at World Water Week 2022.

Key Urban Sanitation resources

Browse Urban Sanitation resources

Sustainable Development Goals

3 - Good Health and Well-Being

We are contributing to ending preventable deaths, particularly in children under the age of 5, by ensuring that communities are served with clean water and handwashing facilities.

5 - Gender Equality

Poor sanitation facilities affect women and children the most, as they are often more vulnerable to unsafe practices (such as poor lighting, security concerns, over-sized pit latrines, or the unavailability of menstrual hygiene products).

Whilst these groups will also usually bare the burden of inaccess to safe water.

We work to ensure these vital services are provided, whilst empowering women representatives to lead on decision-making, design and oversight.

6 - Clean Water and Sanitation

Our cities programme works with informal workers to develop safe, affordable and reliable water and sanitation services in underserved communities.

This has enabled last-mile connections and newly declared ‘safe neighbourhoods’ which are free from open-defecation.

17 - Partnership for the Goals

We bring together bold collaborations across the sanitation sector.

We facilitate between city government, private enterprises, sanitation workers and the community to develop lasting, sustainable, inclusive services.