Handwashing

FACTSHEET How can communities with access to small quantities of water keep hands clean and free from infection in the face of illnesses like COVID19? This factsheet details four methods: tippy-taps, calabash washers, leaking ladle dippers and washing stations. Download it free in English, French, Spanish, or Portuguese.

FACTSHEET Harvesting water for handwashing

FACTSHEET A soap making guide using local ingredients

BOOK Small-scale Soapmaking: A Handbook

TECHNICAL BRIEF Making soap: A technical brief

JOURNAL ARTICLE Handwashing is particularly important in the acute phase of emergencies where people are more vulnerable to disease due to overcrowding and lack of access to safe water and sanitation. This article found that different emotions played a role in motivation to wash hands (shame, purity, love and care) in different cultures.

JOURNAL ARTICLE Measurement of handwashing behaviour in Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and Demographic and Health Surveys, 1985–2008. How can handwashing uptake be measured globally in the hardest to reach areas?

JOURNAL ARTICLE Teaching schoolchildren about handwashing: Experiences from Zimbabwe. This article describes simple, easy-to-contruct devices that can deliver water for handwashing even when water is in short supply.

JOURNAL ARTICLE Is soapy water a viable solution for handwashing in schools?

JOURNAL ARTICLE Designing evidence-based communications programmes to promote handwashing with soap in Vietnam. Handwashing promotion for children under 5 needs unified ‘team’ communication via lots of channels including school, home, and society for uptake at scale.

JOURNAL ARTICLE A promising approach for motivating handwashing in Tanzania. Information about handwashing for example must also be accompanied by mechanisms to address the behavioural and sociocultural factors that motivate handwashing in different communities.

Water Treatment

FACTSHEET SODIS solar water disinfection in Sri Lanka – a guide to a clean water supply

TECHNICAL BRIEF Water treatment is even more important during reconstruction – People are more vulnerable to disease in aftermath of a natural disaster

TECHNICAL BRIEF The treatment of water to kill pathogens

Hygiene and Sanitation in communities

TECHNICAL BRIEF Lessons Learned in Urban Community Led Total Sanitation from Nakuru, Kenya

TECHNICAL BRIEF Helping organisers and community leaders to properly dispose of health care waste in a time of crisis

MANUAL Training of Trainers Manual on Development of Hygiene Behaviour

MANUAL Environmental Handbook : Waste from Health Care Facilities – particularly important in the face of disease

MANUAL Handbook on Community-Led Total Sanitation

TECHNICAL BRIEF A toolkit for improved WASH systems

MANUAL A training Manual for Eco-Toilet Construction

TECHNICAL BRIEF A Practical Guide for Building a Simple Pit Latrine

BOOK The Sphere Handbook 2018 The newest edition of the essential guide to humanitarian response includes a stronger focus on the role of local authorities and communities as actors of their own recovery, and relevant new standards including WASH and healthcare settings in disease outbreaks. Also read it in French, Spanish or Arabic.

PARTNER RESOURCES Knowledge Point is the only technical question and answer service for development agencies, providing fast and accessible technical expertise for humanitarian and development workers worldwide. It is a collaboration between major agencies, and has an emphasis on WASH information.

PARTNER RESOURCES The Global Distributors Collective has pulled together resources, strategies and tools to enable last mile distributors to plan for a range of scenarios and phases of the crisis and its aftermath.

PARTNER RESOURCES Our publishing partner Latin America Bureau has posted a host of articles about the impact of Covid-19 across the region, including a survey of cases and government responses, an account of a journey down the Amazon from Peru to Brazil witnessing the dependence and vulnerability of riverine communities, and a story of how street traders and marginal people in Buenos Aires are struggling to survive. Explore our LAB book collection on our website here.

TECHNICAL BRIEF Building a pumpkin water tank for water supply in a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Rainwater harvesting technologies and how they can be considered in the reconstruction process

TECHNICAL BRIEF Making the right choice: Comparing your rural water technology options Water harvesting for hand washing and more

TECHNICAL BRIEF Home composting systems – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Compost Bin Manufacturing Technical Guide – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Home composting bins – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Vermi composting guide – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Sandbar cropping – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Pumpkin Growing Using Sandbar – to address food shortages during a crisis

TECHNICAL BRIEF Breaking Barriers in Water and Sanitation Service Delivery to Informal Settlements – Case studies of the Mukuru model in Kenya

TECHNICAL BRIEF Mobilising finance for WASH : getting the foundations right – Setting up lasting, participatory WASH systems and focusing funding where it’s needed

TECHNICAL BRIEF Agenda for change : a district level roadmap for universal access to sustainable WASH services

VIDEO Low-cost Technology for Sanitation – Zimbabwe Solutions to reduce the incidence of disease in Epworth, a peri-urban settlement on the outskirts of Harare in Zimbabwe (a combination of improved ecosan toilets, which are cheap and sustainable, and hygiene education)

TECHNICAL BRIEF Water Supply During Emergencies

TECHNICAL BRIEF Details of a city-wide participatory Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) service for the urban population of Faridpur – to prevent the spread of any disease.

TECHNICAL BRIEF Digging in, Spreading out and Growing up: Introducing CLTS in Africa to give communities long term resilinence against the spread of disease

TECHNICAL BRIEF How can we achieve the most health reislience while spending the least? This briefing note describes the life-cycle costs approach and the main cost components for water and sanitation in rural and peri-urban areas

TECHNICAL BRIEF A Hospital Strategic Ward Plan

TECHNICAL BRIEF Removing Arsenic from water – Ensuring a clean water shortage due in a crisis.

TECHNICAL BRIEF Solar Water Disinfection Health and resilience against disease: This document looks at issues surrounding clean drinking water and a simple and low-cost solution where the heat and UV rays from the sun fall on water in plastic bottles, killing patho-genic micro-organisms.